Calorific values for different raw materials

Energy content for various biomass (dry weight basis)

Raw material	KJ/Kg (KiloJoule/Kg)	Kcal/Kg (Kilo calories/Kg)	Btu/Kg (British thermal unit/kg)
	Lower calorific values	Higher calorific values	Lower calorific value
Softwood	17500	21100	4183
Hardwood	18600	20700	4445
Oak	17400	18800	4159
Birch wood	18700	20100	4469
Pine wood	19500	20800	4661
Douglas pine wood	19700	21000	4708
Spruce wood	18500	19800	4422
Cherry wood	17900	19100	4278
Cypress wood	21500	23000	5139
Elm wood	19000	20500	4541
Eucaluptus wood	18300	19600	4374
Maple wood	18700	20000	4469
Larch wood	18700	20100	4469
Poplar wood	19400	20800	4637
Teak wood	18900	20200	4517
Coconut trunk wood	16600	17800	3967
Willow wood	17300	18600	4135

Hardwood bark	18300	19600	4374
Oak bark	18300	19300	4374
Pine bark	19700	21000	4708
Spruce bark	19100	20300	4565
Cedar bark	19800	21100	4732
Douglas fir bark	20800	22100	4971
Eucaluptus bark	17300	18500	4135
Miscantus/Napier grass	17800	19100	4254
Switchgrass	16800	19100	4015
Bamboo	19000	19800	4541
Alfalfa	17030	18500	4070
Lucerne	17700	19000	4230
Cotton gin trash	15200	1600	3633
Cotton stalks	17000	18300	4063
Flax	17800	18800	4254
Hemp	16500	17600	3944
Jute stick	17800	19400	4254
Grass	17000	18100	4063
Hay	16200	18300	3872
Corn stalks/stover	16800	18500	4015
Suger cane bagasse	17700	19400	4230
Wheat straw	15000	18900	3585
Rice straw	13500	14800	3227
Rice husk	14200	15400	3394

Values are indicative for the lower and higher heating values on dry basis

Source: Energy Research Center of the Netherlands